Geert Hofstede, Culture’s Consequences (1980). Geert Hofstede has outlined four cultural dimensions that often confront the international mediation of business transactions and help to explain value differences among cultures that can affect the negotiation and mediation process.

Understanding Cultural Differences by Edward T. and Mildred Reed Hall Hall (1990)

David A. Victor, International Business Communication (New York: Harper Collins, 1992)

Conflict and Resolution, Second Edition by Barbara A. Nagle-Lechman

Culture & Conflict Resolution, by Kevin Avruch

Conflict Resolution Across Cultures : From Talking It Out to Third Party Mediation,

by Selma Myers, Barbara Filner

Conflict Mediation Across Cultures: Pathways and Patterns by David W. Augsberger

Muslim Civic Cultures and Conflict Resolution: The Challenge of Democratic Federalism in Nigeria (Brookings Series on U.S. Policy Toward the Islamic World) by John N. Paden

Culture & Conflict Resolution: An article from the International Journal on World Peace by Mwelwa C. Musambachime

Constructing Cultures of Violence and Peace (At the Interface/Probing the Boundaries 12) (At the Interface/Probing the Boundaries) by Richard Jackson

Resolving Identity-Based Conflict In Nations, Organizations, and Communities (

Novinger, Tracy. Intercultural Communication: A Practical Guide. Austin, TX: University of Texas Press, March 2001.

Lusting, Myron and Jolene Koester. Intercultural Competence: Interpersonal Communication Across Cultures, 4th Edition. Allyn & Bacon, July 8, 2002.

Cohen, Raymond. “Negotiating Across Cultures.” In Turbulent Peace: The Challenges of Managing International Conflict. Edited by Crocker, Chester A., Fen Osler Hampson and Pamela Aall, eds. Washington, D.C.: United States Institute of Peace, September 2001.

Isabella R. Gunning, Diversity Issues in mediation: Controlling negative cultural myths, 1995 J. Disp. Resol. 55, 83-86

Julie Barker International Mediation: A better alternative for the Resolution of Commercial disputes: guidelines for a U.S. negotiator involved in an International Commercial Mediation with Mexicans, 19 Loy. L.A. Int’l & Comp. L.J. 1

Michele J. Gelfand & Sophia Christakopoulou, Culture and Negotiator Cognition:

Baldrige, Letitia. Letitia Baldrige’s New Complete Guide to Executive Manners. New York: Macmillan, 1993, p. 121.

Adair et al. Negotiating Behavior When Cultures Collide: The United States and Japan. Journal of Applied Psychology. Vol 86(3), June 2001.

Graham, Sano, and March. Negotiating Behaviors in Ten Foreign Cultures. Management Science. Vol. 40(1), January 1994.

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